《身࠳=
8;管理成局》
網路技術的發展=
日新月異，最重要的=
1407;則是為了解決網路=
2;境所面臨最直接迫切&=
#30340;問題，筆者最近在=
981;同的國家地區發現網=
;管經理有個急欲解決&#=
30340;問題，在此提出來Ō=
87;讀者分享。
<作者=
>
A=
10
Networks亞太區董&#=
20107;總經理韋嘉
上網=
控管機制、認證過程=
6085;趨重要，從企業內=
0;觀點而言，不同的區&=
#22495;網(LAN)用戶=
可來面對不同的上網=
7231;制，各有不同的認෭=
7;方式，卻也帶來不同&=
#30340;問題，以無線而言A=
292;經過不斷的發展，目=
;前企業級別無線網路&#=
25216;術皆可以直接認證ī=
92;戶端，加上足夠的加=
密保護如WPA2等，=
所以不是允許的使用=
2773;是無法進入企業內=
1;線網路，傳統撥接及<=
/span>VPN用戶=
也有相對應機制，目=
1069;最大考量點在於有ಕ=
8;上網機制。在乙太網&=
#30340;世界哩，有線認證$=
890;常是802.1X，但=
是問題也發生在這裡=
5292;802.1X僅能=
認證到端口，無法認=
5657;到最終用戶層級，=
2;以對於使用DHCP動態=
分配IP地址=
的同時，如果又缺乏AAA機制=
，無法有效管理用戶=
9978;網，在公司內部，६=
0;會發生這樣的情景。&=
#21448;，有訪客時，如果=
312;會議室有連接至乙太=
;網路端口，責訪客可&#=
20197;長驅直入內網，網ļ=
49;人員基本上無從管理ʌ=
92;造成安全上的一大盲=
點，如果造成資安危=
7231;，事後亡羊補牢也ॱ=
1;助不大。
筆者=
所看到的現象是目前=
5377;多網管人員已自發ঝ=
5;警覺這一問題的嚴重&=
#24615;，加強上網認證身=
998;控制，同時希望一步=
;步簡化認證服務器的&#=
31649;理，將撥接、有線z=
89;無線及VPN集中=
在一個高效能的認證=
6381;務器上，藉由DHCP及<=
span
lang=3DEN-US>Radius的控=
管機制，確實做好認=
5657;、授權、計費(Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, AAA)的工作，將大幅=
度的改善資安，同時=
2914;果能有訪客認證機࠸=
6;，亦將解決資安盲點&=
#30340;問題。
目前=
針對上述問題，各主=
7969;網路設備廠商開始জ=
5;考這一問題，紛紛加&=
#24375;上網認證、身份控 =
649;方案，亦能符合更嚴=
;格法規的規範，例如&#=
22312;美國已全面實施的Ė=
01;賓法案。針對訪客上=
網機制，目前在業界=
6377;一個趨勢即是提供ߚ=
2;所謂「Authenticated DHCP」的機制，當接入ć=
77;線乙太網路端口的同=
時，先給定一個暫時=
4615;IP，並=
連結至認證的頁面，=
5370;客可以在訪問企業ਹ=
8;從前臺取得當日被授&=
#27402;的臨時帳號及密碼A=
292;當訪客鍵入臨時訪客=
;帳號、密碼，通過認&#=
35657;程序之後，DHCP才提=
供一個真正的動態有=
5928;IP地址=
使用，如此一來，如=
6524;日後有任何資安上=
0;回溯及釐清責任，均&=
#26377;據可考，這樣的認#=
657;機制改良，能改善現=
;有AAA機制=
的不足。
另外=
針對企業內部資安問=
8988;的回溯問題，目前ੌ=
8;大的挑戰就是無法追&=
#26597;過往IP地址=
的使用記錄，所以造=
5104;無法有效控管重大ध=
3;全事件的追蹤。目前&=
#24066;場上針對此一問題A=
292;有先進的解決方案能=
;夠將每日IP地址=
及用護身份做一對應=
2577;表並搭配時間資料ऱ=
1;成日誌報表，儲存Storage設備=
當中，並加上數字簽=
1456;不可更改，日後當IT網管=
人員發現有重大資安=
0107;件的同時，可以從Storage設備=
中重新下載，可以還=
1407;當時網路使用環境ᦁ=
2;對於帳戶管理的稽核&=
#36861;蹤、員工網路連接$=
012;任釐清做有效的內部=
;控制。目前許多資安&#=
35299;決方案均針對外部į=
40;入侵，反而對內部員=
工上網機制、合法帳=
5142;及合法網路連接等ດ=
5;點缺乏有效率的機制&=
#65292;造成不是大量帳戶 =
649;理工作就是無法有效=
;控制，目前這方面是&#=
20225;業網路面臨急迫的Ú=
39;題。
再來=
，筆者目前看到另一=
0491;瓶頸問題在於internet的快=
速發展，頻寬的使用=
2823;幅度增加，目前當ಀ=
5;的YouTube已經=
是在下載Video Clip的層=
級，與以前的下載照=
9255;jpeg檔案=
而言，頻寬的要求有=
6356;上層樓，目前有一ࠁ=
1;常發生的問題在於大&=
#22810;的企業用戶有著大=
481;量寬頻Layer3路由=
器、Layer2交換=
機，快速的伺服器及=
0786;存設備，但是在伺=
1;器前端的Layer4交換=
機(Switch)無法=
跟上相匹配的效能，=
6896;成資料進出成為一࣪=
3;問題，這對於大的入&=
#21475;網站(Portal)、線=
上遊戲、ISP、<=
span
lang=3DEN-US>IDC、電=
子商務交易網站及大=
7327;需要資料儲存的企ઊ=
9;而言，形成了潛在實&=
#36074;的限制，這一限制=
107;實上也是限制了商機=
;，internet的應=
用日形多元化及普及=
1270;，企業內部伺服器=
0;處理能力如果被限制&=
#20303;無法發揮出來將會 =
452;接影響到商務的拓展=
;，目前在這一個問題&#=
19978;，筆者看到了高效Ŋ=
21;Layer4至 =
Layer7交換=
機市場的需求，同時=
6889;部分的網路設備市࣒=
0;也在快速穩定的成長&=
#30070;中。市場上已有的=
216;術大多以PC為基=
礎搭配軟體成為前一=
0195;的Layer4交換=
機解決方案，但是隨=
3879;企業內網的提升，=
6;前已進入Gigabit Ethernet的技=
術，在可預期的將來=
5292;會逐步邁入10Gigabit Ethernet網路=
技術水準，傳統的PC based Layer4交換=
機將無法負荷，所以=
5171;造新一代高效能、ོ=
0;穩定及高擴充性的Layer4交換=
機也將會是一個新的=
2178;路商機。現在市場॥=
0;逐漸有這樣的產品解&=
#27770;方案問世，當然以 =
558;者的經驗，這將考驗=
;網路設備商的技術能&#=
21147;，如何做到接近線Ű=
95;、方便使用Scripting機制=
、HA設計=
的彈性以確保資料進=
0986;存取的不中斷，都=
9;使用者關注的重點。<=
/span>
總結=
前面所提及的幾項急=
4453;解決的問題，統一༓=
8;中上網認證及身份控&=
#31649;，訪客上企業內網#=
469;證、IP及用=
戶身份登錄日誌以備=
6085;後回溯釐清責任；ߣ=
7;及高效能Layer4交換=
機以確保即時有效的=
6039;料存取，以拓展商ણ=
1;等等，均是筆者目前&=
#25152;觀察到的課題，有=
029;於前幾年的網路路由=
;器、Layer2交換=
機、防火牆，上述的=
1839;題是目前資安建置ߍ=
8;新的著眼點。各位讀&=
#32773;亦不妨思考回想是=
542;上述情景亦是您目前=
;所遭遇的當務之急？
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